dextrose, carbs, endogenous insulin and protein

ok..

im just wondering how exactly dextrose and simple sugars effect your bodies insulin so that when taking say 50g protein with 100g of dex as a PWO shake it will help you bulk up more to build muscle.... does the raised insulin levels help push protein into the cells quicker??

I'm not looking for a lot of technical details but im just wondering what the basic process is so that i can understand how it works in relationship to my diet

thanks