All three hCG groups in this study (125, 250, and 500 IU,
given every other day) maintained ITT at levels statistically
indistinguishable from baseline. These doses are 10–20% of
the doses commonly used in male infertility treatment (1250–
2000 IU, two or three times weekly). Endocrinologists and
andrologists have been aware that the doses of hCG traditionally
used to treat certain types of infertility are supraphysiological
and may expose patients to high levels of T and
estradiol, with the consequent risk of clinically significant
gynecomastia (37). The ability to prescribe hCG doses at
lower levels to target normal serum and ITT and normal
spermatogenesis would be useful for this patient population.