
Originally Posted by
Bonaparte
Antacids are just a base (calcium carbonate) that neutralizes some of the stomach acid.
A proton pump inhibitor directly reduces acid production at the source (the proton pumps).
And an H-2 antagonist blocks the histamine receptors in the GI tract that can trigger acid production.
Acid production and digestion are both regulated by the autonomic nervous system. The sympathetic response (fight or flight) causes digestion to slow, but acid production to increase. This causes heartburn. So stress, stimulants, etc will aggravate the condition.
And H2 blockers will keep foods that your stomach is sensitive to from triggering an allergic response and overproducing acid (since increasing acid production is your stomach's way of protecting you from pathogens (things that might do you harm)).