If Jews all read the Torah/Talmud the same, they all either would or wouldn't be wearing prayer curls (
payots). But some do (four sects, IIRC) and some don't, which is an obvious physical manifestation that even the greatest Hebraic scholars can't agree on the meaning of the original Hebrew texts.
St Jerome wasn't the only source for bungling the 6th Commandment (the 5th, I think, in Catholic bible), but he is the patron saint of peaceniks nonetheless because there is no blanket proscription against killing in the Hebrew bible. And you kinda sorta have to take the Israelites' word on his one because they were the only ones who ever laid eyes on the tablets that Moses brought down from the mountaintop.

The verb used in the
Decalogue (the Hebrew 10 commandments, which the Talmud expands on to 613 commandments, or "
mitzvahs") is 'tirzach,' which is the conjugated form of the infinitive verb
'retzach,' which transliterates as "murder" but is actually closer to 'an unlawful killing' or 'a killing of outside G-d's laws.' Long story short it isn't a word that has a clear meaning outside of Jewish religious law, so we transliterate it to "murder." But "kill" is just wrong.
And because St Jerome's Latin
Vulgate bible was so influential as a source for many of the English translations (probably most notably the
KJV), a great many Christians believe killing is never permissible. When in fact the Hebrew
Pentateuch lists several instances when killing is not just permissible but
mandatory! Like to prevent a man bent on pederasty from defiling a young virgin girl (in which case it's ostensibly being done not just for the sake of the girl but the man, too, to prevent the crime from forever staining his soul). And not to forget there are at least four (IIRC) instances in the Old Testament of G-d ordering the Israelites to commit genocide. Kill them all, every man, woman, child and cat.
That last bit was actually an attempt at humor. Cats are mentioned nowhere in the Bible.