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04-04-2013, 11:57 AM #1
Oral Anabolic Only Cycles - Read Here
There has been an over abundance of oral only cycle questions with majority of them deriving from the younger crowd. This thread is primarily focused on the health and well-being concepts of users experimenting with oral Anabolics only (Not including any base compound or injectables). The issues pertaining to the users age is for another thread in which I believe can be located in the Education Section (correct me if I'm wrong
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You will find yourself reading and researching different Anabolics and the pro's and con's to different compounds. For an individual starting from ground zero there first obstacle will be grasping the concept of self administration of Anabolics through injection. To many this idea can be a freighting and make the person second guess themselves on if they really want to cross over into this area. So how can we get around this? Oral Anabolics!
Let's start with the length of a positive cycle experience that will help you achieve most out of your Anabolic experience. For any individual you obviously are looking for results to improve your physique in the shortest amount of time. I will veer off a bit and say that the more experience you gain in the bodybuilding lifestyle you will learn that it is a marathon, not a sprint, whether you are experimenting with Anabolics or not, it takes time and persistence. Back to my point - You want your first cycle to be in the range of 10-14 Weeks (Long Ester) or 6-8 Weeks (Short Ester). "Hmmm, well Johnnny, can this be obtained through an Oral Anabolic only cycle?" Not unless you want to send your liver through a shit-storm of abuse for little to no gains that you will most likely lose when discontinuing the Oral compound. Which brings me to my next point.
Why can I not run an Oral Anabolic for more then 4-6 Weeks? - Well, you can do whatever you want but be aware of the health risks and educate yourself. The damage and toxicity you can cause to your liver is what you should familarize yourself with first. Androgenic and anabolic steroids have been implicated in two major forms of liver injury: acute cholestasis and chronic vascular and tumor effects. Use of androgenic steroids is associated with a variable rate of serum enzyme elevations which are usually asymptomatic and self limited. Such elevations have been most closely linked to Danazol(Danocrine) and Oxymethalone(Anadrol ), but are usually mild, transient and do not require dose adjustment or discontinuation. More importantly, therapy with anabolic steroids is linked to a distinctive form of acute cholestasis (condition in which bile flow is reduced or stopped) The jaundice generally arises within 1 to 4 months of starting therapy, but may be delayed to as long as 6 to 24 months. The onset is usually insidious with development of nausea, fatigue and itching followed by dark urine and jaundice (Jaundice is a yellow discoloration of the skin, mucous membranes, and whites of the eyes due to an abnormally high level of bilirubin (bile pigment) in the bloodstream, which is then excreted through the kidneys. High levels of bilirubin may be attributed to inflammation or other abnormalities of the liver cells, or blockage of the bile ducts. Sometimes jaundice is caused by the breakdown of a large number of red blood cells, which can occur in newborns. Jaundice is usually the first sign, and sometimes the only sign, of liver disease.) Jaundice and pruritus can be prolonged even if the anabolic steroids are discontinued promptly. Typically, serum enzyme elevations are quite modest, with ALT and alkaline phosphatase levels that are less the 2 to 3 times elevated and that are sometimes normal despite deep jaundice, Using Methandrostenolone (D-Bol) Methyltestosterone (Majority of PH's), Danazol(Danocrine), Stanozolol (Winstrol ), Oxandrolone(Anavar ) or Oxymethalone(Anadrol). This clinical phenotype of bland cholestasis is so typical of anabolic steroids, that the diagnosis can be suspected in a patient who denies taking anabolic steroids or who is taking an herbal formulation meant to increase muscle strength or energy and that is contaminated with an anabolic steroid . You also need to be aware of what you are taking in a Pro-Hormone as these can have adverse effects on your liver as well. In addition, obviously with or without injectable Anabolics you will still encounter the effects it takes on your liver. Again, be aware that if you are exercising the idea of an Oral Anabolic cycle only for a duration of 6-8 weeks that is 6-8 weeks of toxicity that your liver is going to have to endure. 4,6,8 Weeks either way you are wasting your time and health with an Oral Anabolic only cycle in my personal opinion.
Here is a study for you guys in which an individual who encountered Jaundice while he was using Oral Anabolics. Be advised, he was also using alcohol at the time and most likely being irresponsible in terms of alcohol use and Oral Anabolic dosages - That is just my own assumption.
Case Report
Anabolic Steroids
Case 1. Cholestasis due to anabolic steroid use .
[Modified from: Singh C, Bishop P, Wilson R. Extreme hyperbilirubinemia associated with the use of anabolic steroids, health/nutritional supplements and ethanol: response to ursodeoxycholic acid treatment. Am J Gastroenterol 1996; 91: 783-5. PubMed Citation]
A 24 year old body builder developed pruritus and jaundice having taken various anabolic steroids for one and a half years. He was also taking several herbal products and dietary supplements including Ma Huang (6% ephedrine), carnitine and chromium. He also drank alcohol, estimating his average intake as one case of beer per day for the last year. He developed dark urine and jaundice and stopped all medications and his alcohol intake promptly. Despite this, he remained jaundiced for a month and had worsening nausea and weight loss and eventually sought medical care. He had no history of liver disease or risk factors for viral hepatitis and took no other medications. On examination, he was muscular and physically fit but deeply jaundiced. He had an enlarged liver but no rash, fever or splenomegaly. Laboratory testing showed a total serum bilirubin of 53 mg/dL, but only modest elevations in serum aminotransferase and a normal alkaline phosphatase level (Table). His prothrombin time was normal. Tests for hepatitis A, B and C were negative. Abdominal ultrasound showed no evidence of biliary obstruction. Liver biopsy was not done. He was treated symptomatically for pruritus with antihistamines, cholestryamine and ursodiol. His jaundice gradually improved and pruritus waned. Six months after the onset of jaundice, he was asymptomatic, had regained most of his weight loss (40 pounds), serum bilirubin was 1.5 mg/dL and serum enzymes were normal.
Key Points
Medication: Anabolic steroids (nandrolone , stanozolol)
Pattern: Bland cholestasis
Severity: 3+ (jaundice, hospitalization)
Latency: 16 months
Recovery: 0.6 months
Other medications: Various herbal products and dietary supplements
Laboratory Values
Time After Stopping ALT
(U/L) Alk P
(U/L) Bilirubin
(mg/dL) Other
Anabolic agent use for ~1.5 years
6 weeks 237 129 21
8 weeks 90 121 53
10 weeks 203 91 51 Ursodiol started
12 weeks 119 81 22
14 weeks 116 67 8
4 months 58 50 4
5 months 33 75 1.5 Asymptomatic
Normal Values <56 <139 <1.2
CommentA very typical case of severe cholestasis due to anabolic steroid use. Because the steroids were being used without medical supervision, the dose and actual duration of use of each preparation was unclear, but cholestasis usually arises within 4 to 12 weeks of starting a C-17 alkylated androgenic steroid. The jaundice can be severe and prolonged and accompanied by severe pruritus and marked weight loss. The serum enzymes are typically minimally elevated except for a short period immediately after stopping therapy. The pattern of enzyme elevations can be hepatocellular, cholestatic or mixed. Liver biopsy shows a “bland” cholestasis with minimal inflammation and hepatocellular necrosis. Ma Huang has also been implicated in cases of drug induced liver injury, but is associated with an acute hepatocellular pattern of injury.
"Well I think I will just accept the liver damage and continue anyways!" - Ok. Let's be clear and dispel an idea many already have; if you are a male and desire to use Anabolic Steroids but have a fear or concerns regarding needles, more than likely anabolic steroids are not for you. It is an undeniable fact, anabolic steroids shut down our natural testosterone production therefore when we run a cycle we need testosterone to be part of the cycle. Almost 90% of individuals I see on these boards that propose and Anabolic Oral only cycle do not even have a PCT(Post Cycle Therapy ) prepared. Not only are you shutting down your natural testosterone production but you are also relying on it to slowly come back up on its own naturally if you are not introducing a PCT.
So before you just jump onto an oral only cycle and think you are going to make beneficial gains, just educate yourself and be aware of the health risks and be realistic on what you are doing. You are not going to get massive by taking D-Bol for 4 weeks. You might blow up like balloon for 4 weeks then deflate back to your normal self but what for? After it is all said and done you are now exactly where you started but perhaps shutdown, low sex drive, erectile dysfunction, low energy, and depression. The small to no benefits are just not worth the disadvantages in my honest opinion. I encourage each and every one of you to take an optimistic and educated view on this subject before submitting yourself to and Oral Anabolic only cycle.
If I missed anything or anybody has any additions or studies reflecting the points I hit on they are welcome. I wrote this up quickly after reading a few threads and probably could have made it a bit stronger if I had the time.
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04-04-2013, 11:59 AM #2
References -
1. Zimmerman HJ. Hormonal derivatives and related drugs. In, Zimmerman HJ. Hepatotoxicity: the adverse effects of drugs and other chemicals on the liver. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1999, pp. 555-88. (Expert review of effects of androgenic steroids on the liver published in 1999; two forms of hepatic injury occur with anabolic steroids: cholestasis that occurs within the first 6 months associated with the synthetic agents that have an alkyl group in the C17 position, and a delayed injury with vascular or neoplastic changes in which natural androgens can play a role).
2. Chitturi S, Farrell GC. Adverse effects of hormones and hormone antagonists on the liver. In, Kaplowitz N, DeLeve LD, eds. Drug-induced liver disease. 2nd ed. New York: Informa Healthcare USA, 2007, pp. 707-22. (Review of hepatotoxicity of androgenic steroids including cholestasis, vascular disorders, benign tumors and hepatocellular carcinoma published in 2007).
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4. Werner SC, Hanger FM, Kritzler RA. Jaundice during methyltestosterone therapy. Am J Med 1950; 8: 325-31. PubMed Citation (7 patients: 6 men and 1 woman who developed jaundice during oral methyltestosterone therapy, ages 17-67 years, onset after 8 days to 4 months, prodrome of nausea and malaise for 1-2 weeks before jaundice [peak bilirubin 5.1-29 mg/dL, Alk P 1.4 to 4.5 times ULN, albumin normal], lasted 1-3 months; biopsy showed bile stasis with little inflammation; recovery complete; no recurrence upon rechallenge in 3 patients).
5. Brick IB, Kyle LH. Jaundice of hepatic origin during the course of methyltestosterone therapy. N Engl J Med 1952; 246: 176-9. PubMed Citation (Two men, ages 44 and 63 years, developed jaundice 7 and 12 weeks after starting switching from long term testosterone injections to sublingual methyltestosterone [bilirubin not given and 6.8 mg/dL, Alk P 4-5 times ULN], with full but slow recovery after stopping).
6. Burger RA, Marcuse PM. Peliosis hepatis: report of a case. Am J Clin Pathol 1952; 22: 569-73. PubMed Citation (39 year old woman with metastatic colon cancer and emaciation treated with oral testosterone was found to have peliosis hepatis on autopsy, without endothelial lining and with hepatic necrosis).
7. Lloyd-Thomas HG, Sherlock S. Testosterone therapy for the pruritus of obstructive jaundice. Br Med J 1952; 2: 1289-91. PubMed Citation (Experience in treating 7 patients having intractable jaundice due to liver disease with methyltestosterone, which led to improvement in itching within 4-7 days but worsening jaundice, serum bilirubin rising by 2.0-9.3 mg/dL).
8. Almaden PJ, Ross SW. Jaundice due to methyl testosterone therapy. Ann Intern Med 1954; 40: 146-52. PubMed Citation (45 year old woman developed jaundice 7 months after starting methyltestosterone [bilirubin 16.7 mg/dL Alk P slightly elevated], biopsy showing intrahepatic cholestasis and resolution of jaundice within 2 months of stopping).
9. Kaplan AA. Jaundice due to methyltestosterone therapy. Gastroenterology 1956; 31: 384-90. PubMed Citation (58 year old man developed jaundice and pruritus 6 months after starting sublingual methyltestosterone [bilirubin 13.6 mg/dL, Alk P rising to twice normal], resolving 3 months after stopping).
10. Koszalka MF. Medical obstructive jaundice: report of a death due to methyltestosterone. J Lancet 1957; 77: 51-4. PubMed Citation (60 year old man with colon cancer developed jaundice 3 weeks after starting methyltestosterone which was continued another 3 weeks [bilirubin 10 mg/dL, Alk P rising to twice normal], with progressive jaundice and death from hepatic failure 2 months after presentation, autopsy showing intrahepatic cholestasis).
11. Peters JH, Randall AH Jr, Mendeloff J, Peace R, Coberly JC, Hurley MB. Jaundice during administration of methylestrenolone. J Clin Endocrinol 1958; 18: 114-5. PubMed Citation (Two of 10 patients receiving 17-methyl-19-nortestosterone for cancer developed jaundice after 4 and 6 weeks of therapy; both died of underlying cancer while still jaundiced).
12. Seelen JC. Complications during administration of methylestrenolone. J Clin Endocrinol 1958; 1137-8. PubMed Citation (Pregnant woman treated with methylestrenolone for habitual abortion developed jaundice 2 months later [bilirubin 19 mg/dL, Alk P 1.5 times ULN], resolving after stopping therapy).
13. Kory RC, Bradley MH, Watson RN, Callahan R, Peters BJ. A six-month evaluation of an anabolic drug, norethandrolone, in underweight persons. II. Bromsulphalein(BSP) retention and liver function. Am J Med 1959; 26: 243-8. PubMed Citation (Prolonged BSP retention found in 74% of samples from 47 patients on norethandrolone for weight gain, returned to normal within a few weeks of stopping; only two patients had mild bilirubin elevations [1.7 and 2.2 mg/dL]).
14. Schaffner F, Popper H, Chesrow E. Cholestasis produced by administration of norethandrolone. Am J Med 1959; 26: 249-54. PubMed Citation (Among 27 patients treated with norethandrolone for nutritional support for 3 to 5 weeks undergoing liver biopsy before and during therapy, 4 developed cholestasis within 1 to 5 weeks [bilirubin 32, 1.8, 1.0 and 0.7 mg/dL, AST 190-224 U/L, Alk P 2-20 times ULN], all resolving after stopping).
15. Foss GL, Simpson SL. Oral methyltestosterone and jaundice. Br Med J 1959; 1 : 259-63. PubMed Citation (Despite extensive use of methyltestosterone, authors found only one case of jaundice, 60 year old man developed jaundice after 5 weeks of therapy and subsequently died of dehydration and acidosis; summarizes 42 cases from literature; of 5 patients retreated, only one had recurrence).
16. Shaw RK, Gold GL. Jaundice associated with norethandrolone(Nilevar ) therapy. Ann Intern Med 1960; 52: 428-34. PubMed Citation (60 year old with multiple myeloma developed pruritus after 12 weeks and jaundice after 16 weeks of norethandrolone [bilirubin 9.5 mg/dL, AST 25 U/L, Alk P 3 times ULN], biopsy showed intrahepatic cholestasis, resolving on stopping and prednisone therapy).
17. Wernze H. [Clinical investigation of the problem of liver damage by the newer androgenic and anabolic steroids ]. Dtsch med Wschr 1960; 85: 2237-42. German. PubMed Citation (Study of BSP retention in 36 volunteers given C-17 alkylated androgenic steroids; retention rose from <5% to 6-23% within 8-30 days and fell to normal or near normal with 8-10 days thereafter, whereas AST, Alk P and bilirubin levels changed minimally if at all).
18. Kintzen W, Silny J. Peliosis hepatic after administration of fluoxymesterone. Can Med Assoc J 1960; 83: 860-2. PubMed Citation (60 year old woman with metastatic breast cancer treated with fluoxymesterone for 2 years was found to have peliosis hepatis on autopsy after death from widespread metastatic disease).
19. Schaffner F, Popper H, Perez V. Changes in bile canaliculi produced by norethandrolone: electron microscopic study of human and rat liver. J Lab Clin Med 1960; 56: 623-8. PubMed Citation (4 patients treated with norethandrolone for 2 weeks underwent liver biopsy which showed “mild nonspecific changes” by light microscopy, but dilated bile canaliculi and shortening of microvilli by electron microscopy).
20. Marquardt GH, Fisher CI, Levy P, Dowben RM. Effects of anabolic steroids on liver function tests and creatine excretion. JAMA 1961; 175: 851-3. PubMed Citation (Six anabolic steroids given to 38 healthy controls for 5 weeks; all led to increase in BSP retention [2.3-17.6%] but no change in bilirubin levels).
21. Wynn V, Landon J, Kawarau E. Studies of hepatic function during methandienone therapy. Lancet 1961; 1: 69-75. PubMed Citation (Followed liver tests in 30 patients treated with methandienone; AST elevatoins occurred in 27% [60-180 U/L], Alk P(2 times ULN] and bilirubin [2.0] in 1, and BSP retention in 62%; all without symptoms and resolving rapidly, some without stopping drug).
22. Perez-Mera RA, Shields CE. Jaundice associated with norethindrone acetate therapy. N Engl J Med 1962; 267: 1137-8. PubMed Citation (35 year old woman developed jaundice and abdominal pain 2 years after starting norethindrone for dysmenorrhea [bilirubin 6.5 mg/dL], biopsy showing intrahepatic cholestasis and repeat biopsy 2 months after stopping estrogen showing resolution).
23. Wilder EM. Death due to liver failure following the use of methandrostenolone . Can Med Assoc J 1962; 87: 768-9. PubMed Citation (71 year old woman developed jaundice 8 weeks after starting methandrostenolone for osteoporosis [bilirubin 20.4 mg/dL, AST 200 U/L, Alk P twice normal], with progressive mental obtundation, coagulopathy and death 2 months later, autopsy showing shrunken liver with marked cholestasis).
24. Scherb J, Kirschner M, Arias IM. Studies of hepatic excretory function. The effect of 17α-ethyl-19-nortestosterone on sulfobromophthalein sodium(BSP) metabolism in man. J Clin Invest 1963: 42: 404-8. PubMed Citation (Prospective study of BSP metabolism in 8 subjects treated with 19-nortestosterone and 10 controls; BSP transport maximum decreased within 7-10 days of starting androgen therapy and returned to normal 1 week afterwards, BSP storage was normal; best explained as a decrease in excretion of conjugated BSP [similar to defect in Dubin-Johnson syndrome).
25. Gilbert EF, DaSilva AQ, Queen DM. Intrahepatic cholestasis with fatal termination following norethandrolone therapy. JAMA 1963; 185: 538-9. PubMed Citation (74 year old man developed jaundice 5 months after starting norethandrolone but continued for another month and developed delirium [bilirubin 20 mg/dL, AST 475 U/L, Alk P 3 times ULN], dying in hepatic coma; severe cholestasis on autopsy).
26. Marquardt GH, Logan CE, Tomhave WG, Dowben RM. Failure of non-17-alkylated anabolic steroids to produce abnormal liver function tests. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1964; 24: 1334-6. PubMed Citation (Prospective study of 23 patients given methenolone [non-C-17 substituted synthetic androgen] for weight gain found no change in BSP retention or serum bilirubin levels).
27. Yanoff M, Rawson AJ. Peliosis hepatis: an anatomic study with demonstration of two varieties. Arch Pathol 1964; 77: 159-65. PubMed Citation (Two cases: 73 year old woman with septic arthritis treated with norethandrolone for 6 weeks and 42 year old man with malignant teratoma treated with chemotherapy for 8 months, both found to have peliosis on autopsy; two forms of peliosis, one with and one without endothelial lining, anabolic steroids associated with the latter parenchymal type that also shows bile retention and hepatocyte necrosis).
28. DeLorimer AA, Gordan GS, Lowe RC, Carbone JV. Methyltestosterone, related steroids and liver function. Arch Intern Med 1965; 116: 289-94. PubMed Citation (66 healthy controls were given 9 different 17α-alkylated androgenic steroids or testosterone for 2 weeks; no change in serum bilirubin or Alk P, but most resulted in increased BSP retention, not occurring with non-alkylated testosterone).
29. Ticktin HE, Zimmerman HJ. Effects of synthetic anabolic agent on hepatic function. Am J Med Sci 1966; 251: 674-84. PubMed Citation (Prospective analysis of liver tests in 54 patients treated with nobolethone for at least 2 weeks; reversible minor AST elevations in 33% and BSP retention in 66% [both dose related], bilirubin >1.0 mg/dL in 10% and abnormal Alk P in none).
30. Orlandi F, Jezequel AM. On the pathogenesis of the cholestasis induced by C-17 alkylated steroids: ultrastructure and functional changes of the liver cells during treatment. Rev Int Hepatol 1966; 16: 331-3. PubMed Citation
31. Glober GA, Wilkerson JA. Biliary cirrhosis following the administration of methyltestosterone. JAMA 1968; 204: 170-3. PubMed Citation (56 year old woman developed jaundice after taking a nutritional supplement with methyltestosterone and estrone for 4 years with prolonged jaundice [bilirubin 3.2 mg/dL, AST 7 UL, Alk P 54 KA U], evolving into cirrhosis over next 5 years with intractable pruritus and xanthomas; probable primary biliary cirrhosis).
32. [No authors listed]. Androgens and anabolic steroids. Br Med J 1969; 2: 165-7. PubMed Citation (Review of clinical indications, efficacy and safety of androgenic steroids; mentions that 17α-alkylated androgens can cause jaundice).
33. McGiven AR. Peliosis hepatis: case report and review of pathogenesis. J Pathol 1970; 101: 283-5. PubMed Citation (75 year old man with rheumatoid arthritis died of an acute myocardial infarction and was found to have peliosis hepatis on autopsy, having received methandienone for the previous year).
34. Rozman C, Urbano A, Galera H. [Hepatotoxicity of anabolic steroids]. Minerva Med 1971; 62: 2605-11. PubMed Citation
35. Sansoy OM, Roy AN, Shields LM. Anabolic action and side effects of oxandrolone in 34 mental patients. Geriatrics 1971; 26: 139-43. PubMed Citation (34 patients were treated with oxandrolone for 2 months to promote weight gain after illness; AST levels increased and were abnormal in 53%, BSP increased in 35%; no patient developed jaundice).
36. Bernstein MS, Hunter RL, Yachnin S. Hepatoma and peliosis hepatis developing in a patient with Fanconi's anemia. N Engl J Med 1971; 284: 1135-6. PubMed Citation (20 year old with Fanconi anemia developed HCC 1 year after starting oxymetholone with peliosis and multiple intrahepatic hematomas found on autopsy).
37. Johnson FL, Feagler JR, Lerner KG, Majerus PW, Siegel M, Hartmann JR, Thomas ED. Association of androgenic-anabolic steroid therapy with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. Lancet 1972; 2: 1273-6. PubMed Citation (Description of 4 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma related to C17-alkylated anabolic steroids given for aplastic anemia or Fanconi syndrome, ages 5-27 years taking drugs for 1-7 years; regression of tumor in one with withdrawal; all died within one year).
38. Guy JT, Auslander MO. Androgenic steroids and hepatocellular carcinoma. Lancet 1973; 1: 148. PubMed Citation (38 year old man with Fanconi’s syndrome had hepatocellular carcinoma on autopsy with mildly abnormal liver tests; had received androgenic steroids for 4 months at age 14).
39. Henderson JT, Richmond J, Sumerling MD. Androgenic-anabolic steroid therapy and hepatocellular cancer. Lancet 1973; 1: 934. PubMed Citation (12 year old male with aplastic anemia developed hepatocellular carcinoma having received 8 years of intermittent anabolic steroid therapy and many transfusions).
40. [No authors listed]. Liver tumours and steroid hormones. Lancet 1973; 2: 1481-2. PubMed Citation (Editorial discussing the development of cholestasis, peliosis, adenoma and hepatocellular carcinoma after anabolic and contraceptive steroids).
41. Jackson ST, Rallison ML, Buntin WH, Johnson SB, Flynn RR. Use of oxandrolone for growth stimulation in children. Am J Dis Child 1973; 126: 481-4. PubMed Citation (9 children with constitutional growth retardation treated with oxandrolone for 2 6-month periods with careful monitoring; no clinical or laboratory evidence of liver injury; one patient had increase in BSP retention).
42. Presant CA, Safdar SH. Oxymetholone in myelofibrosis and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Arch Intern Med 1973; 132: 175-8. PubMed Citation (Among 9 patients with refractory anemia, oxymetholone decreased transfusion requirements; 4 developed hepatotoxicity after 3-6 months, mild jaundice in 1 [bilirubin 3.1 mg/dL], mild Alk P or AST elevations in others, most resolved despite continuing medication).
43. Ziegenfuss J, Carabasi R. Androgens and hepatocellular carcinoma. Lancet 1973; 1: 262. PubMed Citation (68 year old man treated with methyltestosterone for 30 years for impotence presented with abdominal pain and hepatocellular carcinoma which was “almost completely” resected).
44. Frasier SD. Androgens and athletes. Am J Dis Child 1973; 125: 479-80. PubMed Citation (Editorial criticizing use of anabolic steroids to improve athletic performance).
45. Naeim F, Copper PH, Seminion AA. Peliosis hepatis: possible etiologic role of anabolic steroids. Arch Pathol 1973; 95: 284-5. PubMed Citation (Two cases of peliosis found on autopsy; a child with Fanconi’s anemia who had developed jaundice after a short course of fluoxymesterone; a 65 year old woman on hormone replacement therapy for 18 months who died of congestive heart failure).
46. Bagheri SA, Boyer JL. Peliosis hepatis associated with androgenic-anabolic steroid therapy. A severe form of hepatic injury. Ann Intern Med 1974; 81: 610-8. PubMed Citation (Seven patients on anabolic steroids for 2 to 27 months developed peliosis, 2 developing hemorrhage, 3 hepatic failure and 2 renal failure; serum bilirubin levels as high as 34.6 mg/dL, Alk P 1-20 times elevated, AST 30 to 950 U/L).
47. Groos G, Arnold OH, Brittinger G. Letter: Peliosis hepatis after long-term administration of oxymetholone. Lancet 1974; 1: 874. PubMed Citation (33 year old woman with aplastic anemia developed hepatomegaly [bilirubin 6.6 mg//dL, LT 243 U/L, Alk P 229 U/L] 1.5 years after starting oxymetholone, liver size decreasing when drug was stopped).
48. Cattan D, Vesin P, Wautier J, Kalifat R, Meignan S. Liver tumors and steroid hormones. Lancet 1974; 1: 878. PubMed Citation (7 year old girl with Fanconi’s anemia developed hepatocellular carcinoma but had never received androgenic steroids, instead had transfusion-attributed hemosiderosis and cirrhosis).
49. Meadows AT, Naiman JL, Valdes-Dapena MV. Hepatoma associated with androgen therapy for aplastic anemia. J Pediatr 1974; 84: 109-10. PubMed Citation (6 year old girl with aplastic anemia on androgens for 3.5 years died of intracranial hemorrhage and was found to have hepatocellular carcinoma on autopsy; the liver was enlarged but liver tests were all normal).
50. Mulvihill JJ, Ridolfi RL, Schultz FR, Borzy MS, Haughton PB. Hepatic adenoma in Fanconi anemia treated with oxymetholone. J Pediatr 1975; 87: 122-4. PubMed Citation (12 year old boy with Fanconi’s anemia treated with oxymetholone developed jaundice [bilirubin 23 mg/dL and “liver function abnormalities”], improving when oxymetholone was stopped; on autopsy after intracerebral bleed found to have 9 cm hepatic adenoma “with distant metastases”).
51. Sarna G, Tomasulo P, Lotz MJ, Bubinak JF, Shulman NR. Multiple neoplasms in two siblings with a variant form of Fanconi's anemia. Cancer 1975; 36: 1029-33. PubMed Citation (Two brothers with Fanconi’s anemia on long term androgen therapy both developed malignancies, including leukemia, gingival squamous cell cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma).
52. Kühböck J, Radaszkiewicz T, Walek H. [Peliosis hepatis, complicating treatment with anabolic steroids (author's transl)]. Med Klin 1975; 70: 1602-7. German. PubMed Citation
53. Ball JH, Lowrie EG, Hampers CL, Merrill JP. Testosterone therapy in hemodialysis patients. Clin Nephrol 1975; 4: 91-8. PubMed Citation (30 patients on chronic hemodialysis were treated with testosterone injections for anemia; AST elevations occurred in both treated and untreated controls).
54. Farrell GC, Joshua DE, Uren RF, Baird PJ, Perkins KW, Kronenberg. Androgen-induced hepatoma. Lancet 1975; 1: 430-1. PubMed Citation (Three cases of hepatocellular carcinoma in men on androgenic steroids, ages 28 to 40 years, on oxymetholone or methyltestosterone for 5 to 8 years, liver and tumor size decreasing on stopping androgenic steroids).
55. Anthony PP. Hepatoma associated with androgenic steroids. Lancet 1975; 1: 685-6. PubMed Citation (Letter in response to Farrell [1975] stressing the poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma; median survival time being 1 month and raising a question of the accuracy of the diagnosis).
56. Bakker K, Brouwers TM, Houthoff HJ, Postma A. [Liver lesions due to long-term use of anabolic steroids and oral contraceptives]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 1976; 120: 2214-20. Dutch. PubMed Citation
57. Kew MC, Van Coller B, Prowse CM, Skikne B, Wolfsdorf JI, Isdale J, Krawitz S, et al. Occurrence of primary hepatocellular cancer and peliosis hepatis after treatment with androgenic steroids. S Afr Med J 1976; 50: 1233-7. PubMed Citation (3 cases of complications of androgenic steriods : 34 year old woman with Fanconi’s anemia developed hepatocellular carcinoma after 7 years of therapy with methyltestosterone and 2 children [1 girl and 1 boy] developed peliosis hepatis, 5 and 8 years after starting androgenic steroids, both died soon after diagnosis).
58. Kessler E, Bar-Meir S, Pinkhas J. [Focal nodular hyperplasia and spontaneous hepatic rupture in aplastic anemia treated with oxymetholone]. Harefuah 1976; 90: 521-4. Hebrew. PubMed Citation
59. Boyer JL, Preisig R, Zbinden G, de Kretser DM, Wang C, Paulsen CA. Guidelines for assessment of potential hepatotoxic effects of synthetic androgens, anabolic agents and progestagens in their use in males as antifertility agents. Contraception 1976; 13: 461-8. PubMed Citation (Recommendations for monitoring for hepatotoxicity in trials of anabolic steroids).
60. Hast R, Skårberg KO, Engstedt L, Jameson S, Killander A, Lundh B, Reizenstein P, et al. Oxymetholone treatment in aregenerative anaemia. II. Remission and survival—a prospective study. Scand J Haematol 1976; 16: 90-100. PubMed Citation (53 patients with anemia due to bone marrow insufficiency were treated with oxymetholone for at least 6 months; 3 developed jaundice requiring discontinuation).
61. Hervey GR, Hutchinson I, Knibbs AV, Burkinshaw L, Jones PR, Norgan NG, Levell MJ. "Anabolic" effects of methandienone in men undergoing athletic training. Lancet 1976; 2: 699-702. PubMed Citation (Double-blind crossover study of 6 weeks of methandienone in 11 male athletes; no change in bilirubin, ALT, AST or Alk P levels during drug period).
62. Lesna M, Spencer I, Walker W. Liver nodules and androgens. Lancet 1976; 1: 1124. PubMed Citation (17 year old male with long standing aplastic anemia treated with oxymetholone developed sudden rupture of right lobe of liver and autopsy revealed multiple hepatic nodules and adenomas).
63. Slater SD, Davidson JF, Patrick RS. Jaundice induced by stanozolol hypersensitivity. Postgrad Med J 1976; 52: 229-32. PubMed Citation (66 year old man developed jaundice 7 months after starting stanozol [bilirubin 8.0 mg/dL, ALT 74 U/L, Alk P 3 times ULN], with biopsy showing cholestasis but conspicuous eosinophils suggesting “hypersensitivity” with slow resolution over ensuing 6 months).
64. Sweeney EC, Evans DJ. Hepatic lesions in patients treated with synthetic anabolic steroids. J Clin Pathol 1976; 29: 626-33. PubMed Citation (Three cases of liver injury due to anabolic steroids; 8 year old boy with Fanconi’s syndrome developed hepatocellular carcinoma after 3 years of methyltestosterone therapy; 46 year old man with severe, ultimately fatal cholestasis [bilirubin 9.8 mg/dL, AST 102 U/L, Alk P 1510 U/L] 3 months after starting oxymetholone; 31 year old woman with aplastic anemia died of intracerebral bleeding after 3 months of oxymetholone therapy and had regenerative hepatic nodules on autopsy).
65. Tso SC, Chan TK, Todd D. Aplastic anaemia: a study of prognosis and the effect of androgen therapy. Q J Med 1977; 46: 513-29. PubMed Citation (129 cases of aplastic anemia from Hong Kong between 1955-74; 75 received androgen therapy, among whom 12 [16%] had ALT elevations, 7 [10%] jaundice and 2 died with persistent jaundice).
66. Young GP, Bhathal PS, Sullivan JR, Wall AJ, Fone DJ, Hurley TH. Fatal hepatic coma complicating oxymetholone therapy in multiple myeloma. Aust NZ J Med 1977; 7: 47-51. PubMed Citation (Two patients, 56 year old woman and 60 year old man developed severe jaundice 6 and 8 weeks after starting oxymetholone for multiple myeloma [bilirubin 11.7 and 21.9 mg/dL, AST normal, Alk P 286 and 700 U/L], with progressive jaundice, renal failure, hepatic encephalopathy and death within 4-6 weeks of presentation).
67. Leong AS, Sage RE. Drug-induced hepatic injury. Aust N Z J Med 1977; 7: 537-9. PubMed Citation (Letter in response to Young [1977] describing 76 year old woman who developed jaundice while receiving oxymetholone and was continued for 3 months [bilirubin 6.2 mg/dL, ALT 346 U/L, Alk P 116 U/L], followed by hepatic failure but biopsy showed marked cholestasis with little necrosis).
68. Bhathal PS, Fone DJ, Hurley TH, Sullivan JR, Wall AJ, Young GP. Drug-induced hepatic injury. Aust N Z J Med 1977; 7: 539-40. PubMed Citation (Reply to Leong and Sage [1977]; retrospective review of 27 patients with multiple myeloma treated with oxymetholone identified 9 [47%] who developed jaundice).
69. Nadell J, Kosek J. Peliosis hepatis. Twelve cases associated with oral androgen therapy. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1977; 101: 405-10. PubMed Citation (12 patients with peliosis who had received oral androgens for 3 to 24 months from a single institution; 3 died of hepatic failure related to peliosis, one had diagnosis by biopsy and peliosis resolved with stopping androgens, 8 others found incidentally on autopsy; also reviewed 42 cases of peliosis in English literature).
70. Bird DR, Vowles KDJ. Liver damage from long-term methyltestosterone. Lancet 1977; 2: 400-1. PubMed Citation (39 year old transsexual treated with methyltestosterone for 7 years developed sudden hepatic rupture due to peliosis hepatis).
71. Westaby D, Ogle SJ, Paradinas FJ, RandellJB, Murray-Lyon IM. Liver damage from long-term methyltestosterone. Lancet 1977; 2: 261-3. PubMed Citation (Among 60 patients on long term methyltestosterone, 32% had raised AST, 55% abnormal liver scan; liver biopsies in 11 showed sinusoidal dilatation in 9 and cholestasis in 3 [one with bilirubin of 1.7 mg/dL] and one developed adenoma).
72. Mokrohinsky TS, Ambruso DR, Hathaway WE. Fulminant hepatic neoplasia after androgen therapy. N Engl J Med 1977; 296: 1411-2. PubMed Citation (6 year old girl with Fanconi’s anemia developed hepatomegaly 2 months after starting oxymetholone with hepatocellular carcinoma in a noncirrhotic liver, dying 5 weeks after diagnosis).
73. Boyd PR, Mark GJ. Multiple hepatic adenomas and a hepatocellular carcinoma in a man on oral methyl testosterone for 11 years. Cancer 1977; 40: 1765-70. PubMed Citation (29 year old man developed multiple hepatic adenomas and hepatocellular carcinoma 12 years after starting oral methyltestosterone for hypopituitarism).
74. Sale GE, Lerner KG. Multiple tumors after androgen therapy. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1977; 101: 600-3. PubMed Citation (37 year old man with aplastic anemia developed hepatocellular carcinoma and peliosis hepatis as well as pancreatic and renal tumors after 5 years of anabolic steroid therapy).
75. Hernandez-Nieto L, Bruguera M, Bombi J, Camacho L, Rozman C. Benign liver-cell adenoma associated with long-term administration of an androgenic-anabolic steroid(methandienone). Cancer 1977; 40: 1761-4. PubMed Citation (19 year old man presented with two hepatic adenomas, one of which ruptured after 3 years of methandienone therapy for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria).
76. Paradinas FJ, Bull TB, Westaby D, Murray-Lyon IM. Hyperplasia and prolapse of hepatocytes into hepatic veins during longterm methyltestosterone therapy: possible relationships of these changes to the development of peliosis hepatis and liver tumours. Histopathology 1977; 1: 225-46. PubMed Citation (Liver histology from 11 patients treated with methyltestosterone for up to 3 years [ALT abnormal in 6 patients, range 53-246 U/L], found sinusoidal dilatation in most cases and “microcysts” with hyperplasia of hepatocytes that partially occluded the sinusoidal or hepatic vein lumens).
77. Shapiro P, Ikeda RM, Ruebner BH, Connors MH, Halsted CC, Abildgaard CF. Multiple hepatic tumors and peliosis hepatis in Fanconi's anemia treated with androgens. Am J Dis Child 1977; 131: 1104-6. PubMed Citation (13 year old boy with Fanconi’s anemia treated with oxymetholone for 5-6 years, when he died of septicemia and was found to have hepatocellular carcinoma and peliosis hepatis on autopsy).
78. Coombes GB, Reiser J, Paradinas FJ, Burn I. An androgen-associated hepatic adenoma in a trans-sexual. Br J Surg 1978; 65: 869-70. PubMed Citation (27 year old woman transsexual treated with methyltestosterone for 3 years presented with abdominal pain and found to have hepatic adenoma with hemorrhage; no follow up provided).
79. McDonald EC, Speicher CE. Peliosis hepatis associated with administration of oxymetholone. JAMA 1978; 240: 243-4. PubMed Citation (26 year old man with Hodgkins disease developed jaundice 2 months after starting oxymetholone [bilirubin 6.0 mg/dL, AST ~50 U/L, Alk P ~350 U/L], progressing to liver decompensation and death from sepsis, autopsy showing peliosis hepatis).
80. Taxy JB. Peliosis: a morphologic curiosity becomes an iatrogenic problem. Hum Pathol 1978; 9: 331-40. PubMed Citation (Five cases of peliosis hepatis in patients [4 men and 1 woman, ages 35 to 71 years] on anabolic steroids for 3 months to 3 years for cancer or bone marrow disease, several with splenic involvement and one fatal).
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04-04-2013, 12:00 PM #3
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Last edited by JohnnnyBlazzze; 04-04-2013 at 02:11 PM.
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04-04-2013, 12:01 PM #4
.................
Last edited by JohnnnyBlazzze; 04-04-2013 at 02:11 PM.
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04-04-2013, 12:01 PM #5
Edit - I cut out some references there was so many. If you guys want the rest of um just shoot me a PM
Last edited by JohnnnyBlazzze; 04-04-2013 at 02:12 PM.
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04-04-2013, 11:43 PM #6
Productive Member
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Great post jonny! This should be bumped daily, especially with all the kids coming in lately proposing these so frequently lately.
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04-05-2013, 05:45 AM #7
Yup, excellent post!
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04-05-2013, 08:16 AM #8
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Bump.....
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04-05-2013, 07:29 PM #9
oral only cycles of winny Var are fine IMO. 8 weeks max though and not back to back. Blood work is a must half way in the cycle!!
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04-05-2013, 08:05 PM #10
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Faaaaaaaaantastic! Great post Johnny!
Here's the link for a complete overview.
http://livertox.nlm.nih.gov/AndrogenicSteroids.htmLast edited by MickeyKnox; 04-05-2013 at 08:07 PM.
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04-07-2013, 01:41 PM #11
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04-07-2013, 01:42 PM #12
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04-12-2013, 10:45 PM #13
I don't believe it. Could you please post a few references?
Great post.
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So far so good, they seem to be doing what they’re supposed to.
Expired dbol (blue hearts)