Deca dick isn't the only damage nandrolone causes...

[MastaMan]

Apparently it causes genetic damage too. I got the article from ergo-log.com

Single deca injection causes genetic damage in animal test
Since the arrival of effective anti-oestrogens like anastrazole and tamoxifen , chemical athletes have taken to using testosterone instead of nandrolone decanoate – the active ingredient in Deca-Durabolin . Testosterone is considerably safer than nandrolone, especially at higher doses, chemical athletes have noticed.

A soon-to-be-published animal study has proved them correct. According to the research, the results of which will be published in the Journal of Applied Toxicology, nandrolone damages genetic material.

Hundreds of thousands of people use nandrolone, but we still don't know an awful lot about this anabolic steroid . In the fifties and sixties, when nandrolones first appeared on the market, pharmaceutical companies didn't do as much research on the side effects of their medicines as they do now.

Brazilian researchers at the Universidade Estadual Paulista wanted to know whether nandrolone causes damage to genes. Estradiol, a steroid that bears similarities to nandrolone, does do this. So, the Brazilians' reasoned, nandrolone decanoate [structural formula shown below] may do the same.


The Brazilians injected male mice once with Deca-Durabolin. The mice got 1, 2.5 or 5 mg per kg bodyweight of nandrolone decanoate. One control group was given a groundnut oil injection, another got doxorubicin, a substance that is toxic to cells and is used in chemotherapy.


The entire experiment consisted of a single injection. After that the researchers took cell samples from the mice and examined the amount of damage to the DNA.

The results of the Comet Assay are shown below. A Comet Assay is a way of 'decombining' DNA using electric fields. The easier this is, the worse DNA is damaged. The higher the score, the greater the damage.


Another test the Brazilians used was the Micronucleus Test, the results of which are shown above. The Micronucleus Test involves counting 'wrong' nuclei in cells [MNCPE]. Cells exposed to genotoxic substances sometimes make an extra nucleus when they divide. The more extra cell nuclei the researchers see, the greater the genotoxic effect of the substance.

Cells can repair genetic damage. If they don't manage to do this, cells can self-destruct or immune cells clear up the deviant cells. But sometimes, if none of these mechanisms work, a damaged cell will turn into a cancer cell. Whether this can also happen if you use nandrolone decanoate, the Brazilians don't know. 'Carcinogenic' is a couple of steps further than 'genotoxic'. With this 'caveat' in mind, the researchers advise caution.

"Since a number of different types of mutations are involved in cancer etiology or other genetic diseases, we recommend great caution in the acute or chronic administration of nandrolone", they write. "Careful consideration of the risks vs benefits needs to be carried out before it is used in the human population."

Source:
J Appl Toxicol. 2011 Jun 30. doi: 10.1002/jat.1701. [Epub ahead of print].

[Tigershark]

Don't know about the genetic portion but deca dick is real and I never plan on going through that again.

[zaggahamma]

Apparently it causes genetic damage too. I got the article from ergo-log.com

Single deca injection causes genetic damage in animal test
Since the arrival of effective anti-oestrogens like anastrazole and tamoxifen , chemical athletes have taken to using testosterone instead of nandrolone decanoate – the active ingredient in Deca-Durabolin . Testosterone is considerably safer than nandrolone, especially at higher doses, chemical athletes have noticed.

A soon-to-be-published animal study has proved them correct. According to the research, the results of which will be published in the Journal of Applied Toxicology, nandrolone damages genetic material.

Hundreds of thousands of people use nandrolone, but we still don't know an awful lot about this anabolic steroid . In the fifties and sixties, when nandrolones first appeared on the market, pharmaceutical companies didn't do as much research on the side effects of their medicines as they do now.

Brazilian researchers at the Universidade Estadual Paulista wanted to know whether nandrolone causes damage to genes. Estradiol, a steroid that bears similarities to nandrolone, does do this. So, the Brazilians' reasoned, nandrolone decanoate [structural formula shown below] may do the same.


The Brazilians injected male mice once with Deca-Durabolin. The mice got 1, 2.5 or 5 mg per kg bodyweight of nandrolone decanoate. One control group was given a groundnut oil injection, another got doxorubicin, a substance that is toxic to cells and is used in chemotherapy.


The entire experiment consisted of a single injection. After that the researchers took cell samples from the mice and examined the amount of damage to the DNA.

The results of the Comet Assay are shown below. A Comet Assay is a way of 'decombining' DNA using electric fields. The easier this is, the worse DNA is damaged. The higher the score, the greater the damage.


Another test the Brazilians used was the Micronucleus Test, the results of which are shown above. The Micronucleus Test involves counting 'wrong' nuclei in cells [MNCPE]. Cells exposed to genotoxic substances sometimes make an extra nucleus when they divide. The more extra cell nuclei the researchers see, the greater the genotoxic effect of the substance.

Cells can repair genetic damage. If they don't manage to do this, cells can self-destruct or immune cells clear up the deviant cells. But sometimes, if none of these mechanisms work, a damaged cell will turn into a cancer cell. Whether this can also happen if you use nandrolone decanoate, the Brazilians don't know. 'Carcinogenic' is a couple of steps further than 'genotoxic'. With this 'caveat' in mind, the researchers advise caution.

"Since a number of different types of mutations are involved in cancer etiology or other genetic diseases, we recommend great caution in the acute or chronic administration of nandrolone", they write. "Careful consideration of the risks vs benefits needs to be carried out before it is used in the human population."

Source:
J Appl Toxicol. 2011 Jun 30. doi: 10.1002/jat.1701. [Epub ahead of print].

??????

[MastaMan]

??????

It wouldn't copy the chart... You'd have to go to the website to look at that.

[MastaMan]

??????

It wouldn't copy the chart... You'd have to go to the website to look at that.

[stevey_6t9]

It wouldn't copy the chart... You'd have to go to the website to look at that.

repost.

[layeazy]

interesting read

[PK-V]

one of many I would imagine

[Swifto]

Anabolic Steroids also seem to be genotoxic in humands, just like estrogen is as well.


Anabolic androgenic steroids induce micronuclei in buccal mucosa cells of bodybuilders

Br J Sports Med 2007;41:592-596 doi:10.1136/bjsm.2006.032474

Accepted 19 April 2007
Published Online First 14 May 2007
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate genotoxicity of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) in male bodybuilders by a micronucleus assay in buccal mucosa cells.

Methods: 11 male bodybuilders volunteered to participate in this study and two groups were formed: group 1 (n = 6), without AAS consumption and group 2 (n = 5), with AAS consumption. A sample of buccal epithelium was taken from each participant once a week for 6 weeks. Samples were fixed, stained and analysed by a light microscope, and 2000 cells were counted from each slide. Results are expressed as micronucleated cells (MNC) per 1000 cells and were analysed by the Mann–Whitney U test and Wilcoxon’s test.

Results: A marked increased in MNC was seen in bodybuilders with AAS consumption compared with those without AAS consumption (mean (SD) 4.1 (2.4) MNC/1000 cells vs 0.4 (0.4) MNC/1000 cells, respectively; p<0.004). Intragroup comparisons showed no differences in the MNC frequencies during the sampling time in group 1, whereas the MNC frequency in group 2 varied significantly, reaching the highest MNC frequencies in the third and fourth week of sampling (5.9 (2.4) MNC/1000 cells; 5.8 (1.8) MNC/1000 cells, respectively); frequency in the first sampled week was 1.1 (0.1) MNC/1000 cells. Significant differences in all sampled weeks were found between the two groups.

Conclusion: AAS consumption increased the frequency of MNC from buccal mucosa in bodybuilders.

Tamoxifen , Clomid also show signs of genotoxicity.

[Swifto]

http://biolmedonline.com/Articles/vol1_2_87-99.pdf

[MastaMan]

More bad news:


A couple of days ago we wrote about an animal study in which a one-time injection of nandrolone decanoate caused genetic damage. Now mice are not men and genetic damage is nothing like cancer, but a 2010 Brazilian study has shown that

humans can also damage their genes by using steroids .

The researchers studied 15 young men who did weight training four times a week and used anabolic steroids. The men took a four-week course and in that period – according to the researchers – injected 50 mg nandrolone decanoate and took 18 mg stanozolol three times a week. [Yes, that's what it says. Maybe they recorded it incorrectly.]

A control group of 15 bodybuilders took no steroids. Another control group of 20 young men did no training and took no steroids either.

Two months after the steroids course the researchers took cheek swabs from each test subject, taking samples of 2000 cells. Then the researchers examined the samples under a microscope to determine how many of the cells showed signs of genetic damage. The Brazilians recorded the number of cells with pyknosis [genetic material in the cell condenses], karyolysis [genetic material dissolves] and karyorrhexis [genetic material fragments].












The researchers also counted the number of micronucleated cells: cells with an extra small nucleus. These nuclei contain 'too much' DNA and make extra nuclei out of this. The photo below shows a micronucleated cell.

The more micronucleated cells in a sample, and the more cells with pyknosis, karyolysis or karyorrhexis, the greater the chance of cancer developing, scientists believe.








If you look at the table above, it looks as though strength training lowers the likelihood of genetic damage, but that steroids raise the likelihood. And that's the conclusion the Brazilians draw too.

"Chromosomal damage and cytotoxicity are induced by anabolic steroids after 2 months of administration in oral mucosa cells", they write. "Since DNA damage and cellular death are important steps in events leading to carcinogenesis, this study represents a relevant contribution to the correct evaluation of the potential health risks associated with the consumption of anabolic steroids."

If you compare this with other studies, however, the research results look considerably less alarming. In 2009, for example, the same Brazilians published a study in which they compared cheek swabs of petrol station attendants with those of people who did not spend their days exposed to diesel and petrol fumes. [Environ Int. 2009 Oct; 35(7): 1062-5.] The table below comes from that study.





If you just look at the 'other nuclear alterations', then it looks as though four weeks of low doses of stanozolol and nandrolone decanoate are safer than working in a petrol station…

Source:
Steroids. 2010 Dec;75(12):952-5.

...maybe not such bad news after all

[HitIt]

a list of things which DON'T cause cancer in humans would be useful...

[auslifta]

a list of things which DON'T cause cancer in humans would be useful...

I'll write one up for you

1) pure water that has not been stored in a container.

[auslifta]

More bad news:


A couple of days ago we wrote about an animal study in which a one-time injection of nandrolone decanoate caused genetic damage. Now mice are not men and genetic damage is nothing like cancer, but a 2010 Brazilian study has shown that

humans can also damage their genes by using steroids .

The researchers studied 15 young men who did weight training four times a week and used anabolic steroids. The men took a four-week course and in that period – according to the researchers – injected 50 mg nandrolone decanoate and took 18 mg stanozolol three times a week. [Yes, that's what it says. Maybe they recorded it incorrectly.]

A control group of 15 bodybuilders took no steroids. Another control group of 20 young men did no training and took no steroids either.

Two months after the steroids course the researchers took cheek swabs from each test subject, taking samples of 2000 cells. Then the researchers examined the samples under a microscope to determine how many of the cells showed signs of genetic damage. The Brazilians recorded the number of cells with pyknosis [genetic material in the cell condenses], karyolysis [genetic material dissolves] and karyorrhexis [genetic material fragments].












The researchers also counted the number of micronucleated cells: cells with an extra small nucleus. These nuclei contain 'too much' DNA and make extra nuclei out of this. The photo below shows a micronucleated cell.

The more micronucleated cells in a sample, and the more cells with pyknosis, karyolysis or karyorrhexis, the greater the chance of cancer developing, scientists believe.








If you look at the table above, it looks as though strength training lowers the likelihood of genetic damage, but that steroids raise the likelihood. And that's the conclusion the Brazilians draw too.

"Chromosomal damage and cytotoxicity are induced by anabolic steroids after 2 months of administration in oral mucosa cells", they write. "Since DNA damage and cellular death are important steps in events leading to carcinogenesis, this study represents a relevant contribution to the correct evaluation of the potential health risks associated with the consumption of anabolic steroids."

If you compare this with other studies, however, the research results look considerably less alarming. In 2009, for example, the same Brazilians published a study in which they compared cheek swabs of petrol station attendants with those of people who did not spend their days exposed to diesel and petrol fumes. [Environ Int. 2009 Oct; 35(7): 1062-5.] The table below comes from that study.





If you just look at the 'other nuclear alterations', then it looks as though four weeks of low doses of stanozolol and nandrolone decanoate are safer than working in a petrol station…

Source:
Steroids. 2010 Dec;75(12):952-5.

...maybe not such bad news after all

I believe this genetic damage is what causes premature ageing in AAS users.

[layeazy]

the brazilian seem keen on research lol

Dont think it gonna bother alot of us gets ya thinking though...

[PK-V]

I believe this genetic damage is what causes premature ageing in AAS users.

But we never know as a result of all the GH we use

[HitIt]

I'll write one up for you

1) pure water that has not been stored in a container.

funny thing is you're probably right...apparently, even HEIGHT increases your chance of cancer.....

[MastaMan]

the brazilian seem keen on research lol

Dont think it gonna bother alot of us gets ya thinking though...

Yeahh i know, another thing to keep you awake at night