Very-Low-Carb Diet and Preservation of Muscle

[Anssi Manninen]

Guys, you may my recent scientific paper of some interest:
http://www.nutritionandmetabolism.com/content/3/1/9



*Link removed*

[svarturer]

[Anssi Manninen]

Why I should be banned?

[svarturer]

Just a joke mate, just the link you posted

[Anssi Manninen]

Ok

[Kärnfysikern]

Thanks for the link.

I like the conclusion since it verifies my personal experience with low carb diets

A few more or less relevant questions. First one concerning a quoted studie(I am far to lasy to look it up )

To my knowledge, Benoit et al. published the first systematic
study of the effect of a VLCARB on composition of weight loss [2]. They reported that when a 1,000-kcal
VLCARB (10 g of carbohydrates/day) was fed for 10 days,
seven male subjects lost an average of 600 g/day, of which
97% was fat. As pointed out by Grande [11], however, the
energy value of tissue loss reported by Benoit et al. calculates
out to be about 7,000 kcal/day, a highly improbable
level of energy expenditure.

Has the error in the study been found? Was the fat loss messurements flat out crappy??

I cant quite grasp how the avarage weight loss could be 6kg in 10 days and almost everything fat. It seems completely impossible.

Adrenergic stimulation
The increase in adrenaline may be involved. Low blood
sugar is a potent stimulus to adrenaline secretion and it is
now clear that skeletal muscle protein mass is also regulated
by adrenergic influences.
For example, Kadowaki et al. demonstrated that adrenaline directly inhibits proteolysis of skeletal muscle [6].

Not related to fat loss. But would this not mean a person on a low fat diet is less tolerant to stress?? Might this explain why some people have more troubble sleeping while on keto diets?

Although more long-term studies are needed before a firm
conclusion can be drawn, it appears, from most literature
studied, that a VLCARB is, if anything, protective against muscle protein catabolism during energy restriction, provided that it contains adequate amounts of protein.

Can you extrapolate on what you think is adequate protein ammounts for say a 200 ib person lifting weights 3 times a week and doing daily cardio?

[Kärnfysikern]

Ketone bodies
As noted above, the liver produces ketone bodies during a
VLCARB and they flow from the liver to extra-hepatic tissues
(e.g., brain, muscle) for use as a fuel. In addition,
ketone bodies exert a restraining influence on muscle protein
breakdown. If the muscle is plentifully supplied with
other substrates for oxidation (such as fatty acids and
ketone bodies, in this case), then the oxidation of muscle
protein-derived amino acids is suppressed. Nair et al.
reported that beta-hydroxybutyrate (beta-OHB, a major
ketone body) decreases leucine oxidation and promotes
protein synthesis in humans [7]. Although blood concentrations
of beta-OHB in their subjects during the infusion
of beta-OHB were much lower than concentrations
observed in humans during fasting, leucine incorporation
into skeletal

Is the effect(the part I put in bold) big enough to justify very low carb diets over high carb diets when bulking?

[Kärnfysikern]

Growth hormone (GH)
GH has a major role in regulating growth and development.
GH is a protein anabolic hormone and it stimulates
muscle protein synthesis. As low blood sugar increases
GH secretions, one could speculate that a VLCARB
increases GH levels. However, Harber et al. reported that
GH secretion was unchanged with 7-day VLCARB/highprotein
diet [8]. Interestingly, they also observed that skeletal
muscle expression of IGF-I mRNA increased about 2-
fold. A plausible explanation for the increased expression
of IGF-I in muscle is the increased availability of dietary
protein.

What does this mean in dum dum talk?

[Kärnfysikern]

Dietary protein
A VLCARB is almost always relatively high in protein.
There is evidence that high protein intake increases protein
synthesis by increasing systemic amino acid availability
[21], which is a potent stimulus of muscle protein
synthesis [22]. During weight loss, higher protein intake
reduces loss of muscle mass and increases loss of body fat
[9]. It has been proposed that the branched-chain amino
acid leucine interacts with the insulin signaling pathway
to stimulate downstream control of protein synthesis,
resulting in maintenance of muscle mass during periods
of restricted energy intake [10]. A recent study by Harber
et al. reported that a VLCARB/high-protein diet increases
skeletal muscle protein synthesis despite a dramatic
reduction in insulin levels [8].

I am confused on the "VLCARB/high-protein" in that quote, is is the low carbs or the high protein that creates the increased protein synthesis or the combination?